Georgia Grand Juries: Indictments and Selection Process
Unique Role in Georgia's Legal System
In the state of Georgia, grand juries play a crucial role in the criminal justice system. Unlike other states, Georgia mandates the use of grand juries for the indictment of serious crimes, including murder, rape, and kidnapping.
Indictment Process
Prosecutors in Georgia are required to obtain an indictment from a grand jury before proceeding with a trial for these serious offenses. The indictment serves as a formal accusation, indicating that there is probable cause to believe that the accused individual committed the alleged crime.
Grand Jury Selection and Term
Prospective grand jurors are randomly selected from a pool of eligible citizens. The selection process takes place on the reporting date, and if an individual is selected, their service begins immediately. The grand jury is typically composed of 23 members and serves for approximately seven weeks.
Leadership Roles
Within the grand jury, a foreperson is appointed by the judge. The foreperson presides over the proceedings and ensures that the grand jury operates efficiently. Additionally, an assistant foreperson and a clerk are elected or appointed to assist the foreperson.
Investigation and Quorum
Grand juries have the authority to investigate criminal activity and issue subpoenas compelling witnesses and documents. For the grand jury to proceed with its investigation, a quorum is necessary. This means that a certain number of members, as determined by law, must be present and voting.
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